Molecular pathways refer to a series of chemical reactions and interactions that occur within a cell in response to various stimuli or signals. These pathways play a crucial role in regulating important cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. By studying molecular pathways, researchers can gain insights into the underlying mechanisms of diseases and develop targeted therapies to address them. This field of research often involves the use of techniques such as genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics to unravel the complex networks of signaling molecules and their interactions within cells. Understanding molecular pathways is essential for advancing our knowledge of biology and developing new strategies for treating various diseases.